De minimis: The maximum ceiling on trade-distorting domestic support that is not subject to reduction commitment.

Denial of benefits: Denial of benefits for services is similar to rules of origin for goods. In the context of trade agreements, denial of benefit clauses is typically used to deny the benefits of the agreement or its specific chapters to service suppliers of non-members.  

Doha Development Agenda: Name given by the WTO Secretariat to trade negotiations that WTO members agreed to embark on when they met for the Fourth Ministerial Conference of the WTO in Doha, Qatar, in November 2001. It used the term ‘development agenda’ as opposed to ‘round’. However, the term ‘Doha Development Agenda’ is not defined or even mentioned in the text of the Doha Declaration, so many members prefer using the term ‘Doha Work Programme’, which is technically correct.

Doha Round: Ongoing multilateral trade negotiations that started in Doha, Qatar, in 2001. The agenda agreed to here, called the Doha Development Agenda, is designed to meet the needs of developing countries.

Dumping: Dumping occurs when a product is exported to other countries at a price that is lower than the domestic sale price (of a comparable or similar product), export price in a third country, or lower than the cost of production.