Blended formula: Tariff cutting formula where tariff lines are to be divided into three categories: one subject to the Swiss formula, the other to the Uruguay Round formula and the third reduced to zero.

Blue Box: Domestic support measures that allow countries to make direct payments to agricultural producers to limit production.

Bottom-up approach: One of the key flexibilities embedded in GATS is the discretion that a member country of the WTO enjoys in deciding which of the service sectors it wants to schedule for undertaking liberalisation commitments under GATS rules. This is often termed a ‘positive list' approach or a ‘bottom-up' approach.

Bound commitment: A commitment that cannot be rolled back to be less comprehensive. Only further liberalisation is permitted in a bound sector.