Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (ASCM Agreement): The Uruguay Round agreement that sets out the rules under which WTO members may provide and apply subsidies for domestic products or impose countervailing measures on subsidised imported products.

Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT Agreement): A Uruguay Round agreement that sets the rules under which WTO members may establish and apply technical regulations and standards, including packaging, marking and labelling requirements. It also sets the procedures for assessment of whether domestic and imported goods comply with such technical regulations and standards.

Agreement on Agriculture (AoA): One of the agreements of the Uruguay Round of negotiations that led to the establishment of the WTO in 1995. It brought agriculture under the purview of multilateral trade rules for the first time. 

Anti-dumping measures: A government action that seeks to stop and remedy the dumping of imported goods into the territory of a WTO member by imposing an anti-dumping duty.

APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation): APEC’s 21 member economies are Australia, Brunei Darussalam, Canada, Chile, China, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Republic of Korea, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Peru, the Philippines, Russia, Singapore, Chinese Taipei, Thailand, the United States of America and Vietnam.

Applied tariff: Actual rate of tariff levied on a product.