Anti-dumping is used by a small number of countries not to ensure that world trade is fair and competitive, but to create monopolies and favour large firms particularly in large and concentrated industries, argues this Centad working paper.
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The Centad working paper tracks the negotiating history of TRIPS in search of the origin of GI-related (Geographical Indications) provisions and provides a cogent account of various contours of WTO negotiations on GI to date. It also analyses the Indian GI Act in light of the TRIPS provisions.
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This working paper tracks the evolution of the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) negotiations since its inception, and provides a concise overview of the current state of negotiations. The paper covers key issues under the purview of the GATS from an Indian perspective, and makes important policy suggestions for India on certain sensitive sectors.
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While the Hong Kong Declaration allows self-designation of Special Products (SPs), this paper discusses how SPs should be designated and categorised.
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An analysis of tariff reduction modalities in Non-Agricultural Market Access (NAMA) in light of the Hong Kong Ministerial Declaration.
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This Centad working paper takes a critical look at the Hong Kong Ministerial text on agriculture and NAMA. On the basis of this analysis, the paper suggests specific and important negotiating points for developing countries.
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WTO negotiations on Non-Agricultural Market Access (NAMA) are about resisting hasty liberalisation in the South and dismantling excessive protectionism in the North. For India and Pakistan, the Girard formula for tariff reduction may be the best option if a non-linear approach is adopted. But this would still mean a steep reduction in tariff rates. India and Pakistan should use this as a bargaining chip and ask for compensation.
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Contract farming can benefit local producers if the contracts are correctly structured and monitored. The Indian experience suggests the need for alternative institutional mechanisms if contracting is to be used as a development tool.
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The Group of 20 (G20), which includes India and Pakistan, has emerged as a formidable negotiating bloc in the WTO. It has successfully questioned existing agricultural trade rules that hamper the interests of developing countries. However, there are crucial internal and external contradictions and pressures that it must resolve if it is to continue voicing the interests of developing countries.
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Agricultural subsidies are the big sticking point in WTO negotiations. This paper traces how agricultural negotiations have played out in the Agreement on Agriculture and the July Framework. It suggests negotiating options for India in the run up to the Hong Kong Ministerial in December 2005.
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Negotiations on non–tariff barriers have received little attention. Yet, as tariffs decline, NTBs will be used more to protect domestic trade. This paper explains two of the most contentious NTBs for India: Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures and Technical Barriers to Trade.
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